The structural formula of hexanediol

The structural formula of hexanediol refers to the connection and spatial arrangement of atoms
in hexanediol molecules, which can intuitively reflect the chemical composition and structural characteristics of hexanediol molecules. There are various isomers of hexanediol, and the common structural formulas of 1,2-hexanediol and 1,6-hexanediol are different.
1, In the structural formula of 2-hexanediol, hydroxyl groups are respectively connected to carbon atoms 1 and 2 of the hexane chain. Its molecular formula is C ₆ H ₁₄ O ₂, and its structural formula is CH ∝ (CH ₂) ∝ CH (OH) CH ₂ OH. This structure gives it a certain hydrophilicity and has wide applications in the cosmetics industry.
From a chemical bond perspective, the carbon carbon bond in the structural formula of hexanediol is a σ bond with a bond length of approximately 0.154nm, the carbon hydrogen bond length is approximately 0.109nm, and the carbon oxygen bond length is approximately 0.143nm. These bond length data affect the chemical properties of hexanediol. In the structural formula of 1,6-hexanediol, two hydroxyl groups are located at both ends of the hexane chain, on carbon atoms 1 and 6, respectively. The structural formula is HO (CH ₂) ₆ OH, which gives it relatively stable chemical properties and can be used for the synthesis of polymer materials such as polyester and polyurethane. In the structural formula of hexanediol, carbon atoms adopt sp ³ hybridization to form a tetrahedral structure with a bond angle of approximately 109.5 °. This spatial structure determines the shape and some physical properties of hexanediol molecules, such as solubility. The structural differences of different isomers of hexanediol can lead to different boiling points. For example, the boiling point of 1,2-hexanediol is about 224-226 ℃, while the boiling point of 1,6-hexanediol is about 250 ℃, which is related to the intermolecular forces.
The hydroxyl group in the structural formula of hexanediol has active hydrogen atoms and can undergo substitution reactions. For example, under certain conditions, the hydrogen atom on the hydroxyl group can be replaced by a halogen atom, resulting in halogenated hexane derivatives. From the distribution of electron clouds, the electronegativity of oxygen atoms in the structural formula of hexanediol is relatively high, causing the electron cloud of carbon oxygen bonds to lean towards oxygen atoms, resulting in hydroxyl groups having a certain polarity, thus making hexanediol weakly acidic and capable of reacting with some metal oxides. The structural formula of hexanediol determines its infrared spectral characteristics. In the infrared spectrum, the stretching vibration absorption peak of hydroxyl group is in the 3200-3600 cm ⁻¹ region, and the stretching vibration absorption peak of carbon oxygen bond is in the 1000 1300cm ⁻¹ region. These characteristic peaks can be used to identify hexanediol. The structural formula of hexanediol affects its solubility in water. Due to the ability of hydroxyl groups to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, hexanediol has a certain solubility in water. However, as the carbon chain increases, its solubility gradually decreases.
From the perspective of stereochemistry, if there are chiral carbon atoms (such as 1,2-hexanediol) in the structural formula of hexanediol, there will be optical isomers, and different optical isomers may have differences in biological activity and chemical reactivity.